An extensive study of the infusion of popular elements into fin-de-siècle French music, showing how Satie and Les Six “adopted principles of parody, diversity and simultaneity from the cabaret, circus, fair, and music-hall, thus breaking down traditional divisions separating popular and classical forms of creative expression.” Appraises Satie’s appropriation of elements from Stravinsky’s music. Extensive discussion of musical borrowing in Parade, especially Irving Berlin’s That Mysterious Rag.

Works: Satie: Parade (112-52), Enfantillages pittoresques (169); Poulenc: “Le Dauphin” from Le Bestiaire (169), Mouvements perpétueles (170).

Sources: Stravinsky: Le Sacre du Printemps (118, 122), “The Jackdaw” from Three Little Songs: Recollections of My Childhood (169-70); Irving Berlin: That Mysterious Rag (132-43).

Index Classifications: 1900s

Contributed by: Keith Clifton